The diet for pancreatitis depends on whether the disease is acute or chronic. Do not forget that inflammation of the pancreas is not a trifle, because it plays an important role in digestion, metabolism and assimilation of substances (proteins, carbohydrates and fats). Therefore, immediately after diagnosis, it is necessary to make significant changes to your diet. Otherwise, even the latest generation of medicines will be powerless.
Acute (reactive) pancreatitis
As the name suggests, illness occurs abruptly (usually immediately after eating irritating food). Symptoms: burning pain in the abdomen, fever, nausea, vomiting. Risk factors: lack of protein in the diet, overeating, alcohol abuse, smoking, fatty, spicy, fried, too cold or too hot food, sweet soda water. Sometimes the ailment is a consequence of gallstone disease and chronic cholecystitis.
Nutrition for pancreatitis in acute (reactive) form in adults and children is aimed at ensuring the long-suffering pancreas maximum rest, and at the same time reducing pancreatic and gastric secretions. And here's what the sequence of patient actions should be:
- First 2-4 days after exacerbation.It is recommended not to eat at all, but to consume only medicinal mineral waters in small sips and in small quantities.
- Starting from the 5th day.Gradually and very carefully expand the diet menu for pancreatitis. For this, it is recommended to adhere to the 5P treatment table.
- For 6-7 days.We include in the diet jelly, slimy soups, kefir, liquid cereals (except millet), steamed chicken, beef and fish cutlets, mashed potatoes and other vegetables in boiled and stewed form, weak tea, baked or mashed apples, rosehip broth.
Features of the diet and sample menu
Regardless of where the patient is sent for pancreatitis treatment - to a sanatorium or home, he should adhere to diet number 5, which is based on the following principles:
- The daily norm of vegetable proteins - 30 g, animal proteins - 50 g, vegetable fats - 15 g, animal fats - 45 g and carbohydrates - 200 g. The total calorie intake for pancreatitis should not exceed 2500-2700 kcal per day. The amount of liquid you drink is 1. 5 liters, salt is 10 g.
- For the first two weeks we cook dishes without salt.
- We eat at least 5-6 times a day in small portions to eliminate the risk of overeating.
- The temperature of the prepared food should be between 45 and 60 degrees.
- The consistency of the dishes is liquid, semi-liquid, that is, only pureed food.
A diet for acute pancreatitis implies a complete exclusion from the menu for a long time (almost a year) of smoked meats, fried foods, marinades and pickles, sour cream, lard, canned food, muffins and fresh bread, cream, alcohol. Compliance with all of the above recommendations can prevent the development of the disease in a chronic form! A sample menu for the day might look like this:
- Breakfast:steam omelet, pureed herculean porridge on water, weak tea.
- Second breakfast:cheese with milk.
- Lunch:buckwheat soup, boiled meat stew, apple jelly.
- Dinner:fish steamed cutlets, carrot puree, rosehip broth.
- For the night:kefir.
Chronic pancreatitis
This disease has another extremely unattractive name - prediabetes. Indeed, if you have already passed the acute stage unfavorably (in the absence of proper treatment), then diabetes mellitus may become the next step. This disease is characterized by two alternating stages - exacerbation and remission. Therefore, nutrition with pancreatitis is aimed at relieving the inflammatory process and, accordingly, translating the disease into a remission phase.
So, from now on, your diet will be a lifelong nutritional system. And there's nothing you can do about it. As before, you can take diet number 5 as a basis, the basic principles of which we continue to strictly observe. Diet with exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis is again a return to the first three steps (fasting on mineral water and further according to the above list).
Approved Products:
- milk, yogurt, kefir, non-acidic cottage cheese, mild cheese;
- porridge (buckwheat, oats, rice), pasta;
- vegetables (potatoes, carrots, pumpkin, zucchini, beets, etc. );
- wheat crackers or stale white bread;
- meat (veal, chicken, rabbit, turkey), lean fish;
- baked apples, fruit jellies, berry gravies;
- oat broth, fruit drink, non-acid fruit juices, chamomile tea;
- vegetable broths and puree soups, celery juice.
Prohibited Products:
- sour fruits, fresh cabbage, legumes;
- spinach, sorrel, radish, radish;
- hot spices and herbs;
- fresh bread, pastries, sweets;
- sausages, smoked meats, canned food, eggs;
- meat, fish broths, cabbage soup, borsch;
- alcohol, sweet drinks with gas;
- sweets, ice cream, sour cream, cream;
- fried foods.